{"id":4718,"date":"2026-03-06T08:40:33","date_gmt":"2026-03-06T07:40:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/?p=4718"},"modified":"2026-05-24T09:40:05","modified_gmt":"2026-05-24T07:40:05","slug":"laser-relaxe-et-declenche-par-miroir-rotatif-de-10-gw","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/laser-relaxe-et-declenche-par-miroir-rotatif-de-10-gw\/","title":{"rendered":"Laser relax\u00e9 et d\u00e9clench\u00e9 par miroir rotatif de 10 GW"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-4719 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4719 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-111405.png\" alt='' title='Capture d&#039;\u00e9cran 2026-03-05 111405' height=\"312\" width=\"457\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-111405.png 457w, https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-111405-300x205.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-4722 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4722 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-210559.png\" alt='' title='Capture d&#039;\u00e9cran 2026-03-05 210559' height=\"285\" width=\"383\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-210559.png 383w, https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-210559-300x223.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-5  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-4723 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4723 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-103556.png\" alt='' title='Capture d&#039;\u00e9cran 2026-03-05 103556' height=\"287\" width=\"431\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-103556.png 431w, https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-05-103556-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 431px) 100vw, 431px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 data-section-id=\"f6y7uj\" data-start=\"300\" data-end=\"338\">1. Caract\u00e9ristiques du barreau laser<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"340\" data-end=\"427\">Le barreau que tu d\u00e9cris poss\u00e8de des dimensions tr\u00e8s importantes pour un laser solide :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"501\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1pmlqmf\" data-start=\"429\" data-end=\"453\">\n<h3 data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"453\">diam\u00e8tre : <strong data-start=\"442\" data-end=\"453\">25,4 mm<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1j5tv2q\" data-start=\"454\" data-end=\"477\">\n<h3 data-start=\"456\" data-end=\"477\">longueur : <strong data-start=\"467\" data-end=\"477\">490 mm<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1j1jnha\" data-start=\"478\" data-end=\"501\">\n<h3 data-start=\"480\" data-end=\"501\">dopage : <strong data-start=\"489\" data-end=\"501\">2 % Nd\u00b3\u207a<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"503\" data-end=\"689\">Cela repr\u00e9sente environ <strong data-start=\"527\" data-end=\"553\">250 cm\u00b3 de verre actif<\/strong>, ce qui correspond \u00e0 la taille des barreaux utilis\u00e9s dans les lasers \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques des ann\u00e9es 1970\u20131980 (CEA, LLNL, CILAS, SHIVA, NOVA).<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"691\" data-end=\"847\">Ces barreaux n\u2019\u00e9taient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement <strong data-start=\"727\" data-end=\"768\">pas con\u00e7us comme oscillateurs simples<\/strong>, mais plut\u00f4t comme <strong data-start=\"788\" data-end=\"823\">amplificateurs de forte \u00e9nergie<\/strong> dans des cha\u00eenes laser.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"849\" data-end=\"852\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ynfam\" data-start=\"854\" data-end=\"883\">2. Pompage par lampes flash<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"1006\">Le pompage est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par <strong data-start=\"912\" data-end=\"934\">lampes flash x\u00e9non<\/strong>, souvent dispos\u00e9es autour du barreau dans un <strong data-start=\"980\" data-end=\"1005\">r\u00e9flecteur elliptique<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1008\" data-end=\"1033\">Configuration classique :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1035\" data-end=\"1134\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1828896\" data-start=\"1035\" data-end=\"1055\">\n<h3 data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1055\"><strong data-start=\"1037\" data-end=\"1055\">4 lampes flash<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dw475j\" data-start=\"1056\" data-end=\"1093\">\n<h3 data-start=\"1058\" data-end=\"1093\">longueur proche de celle du barreau<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1cfasiy\" data-start=\"1094\" data-end=\"1134\">\n<h3 data-start=\"1096\" data-end=\"1134\">r\u00e9flecteur en aluminium poli ou argent<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1136\" data-end=\"1198\">Cette g\u00e9om\u00e9trie concentre la lumi\u00e8re des lampes dans le verre.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"1200\" data-end=\"1203\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1n26gd4\" data-start=\"1205\" data-end=\"1237\">3. \u00c9nergie de pompe n\u00e9cessaire<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1239\" data-end=\"1316\">Pour atteindre le seuil laser dans un barreau de ce volume, il faut environ :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1318\" data-end=\"1359\">\n<li data-section-id=\"17lerl\" data-start=\"1318\" data-end=\"1359\">\n<h3 data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1359\"><strong data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1359\">2,5 \u00e0 3 kJ d\u2019\u00e9nergie de pompe flash<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1361\" data-end=\"1454\">Au-dessus de ce seuil, l\u2019\u00e9nergie laser augmente presque lin\u00e9airement avec l\u2019\u00e9nergie inject\u00e9e.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"1456\" data-end=\"1459\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ven8m5\" data-start=\"1461\" data-end=\"1482\">4. Rendement global<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1484\" data-end=\"1579\">Le rendement global d\u2019un oscillateur Nd:glass pomp\u00e9 par lampes flash reste relativement faible.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1581\" data-end=\"1601\">Ordres de grandeur :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1603\" data-end=\"1687\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1pcu6b7\" data-start=\"1603\" data-end=\"1644\">\n<h3 data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1644\">rendement lampe \u2192 inversion : <strong data-start=\"1635\" data-end=\"1644\">3\u20134 %<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"a63ghz\" data-start=\"1645\" data-end=\"1687\">\n<h3 data-start=\"1647\" data-end=\"1687\">rendement oscillateur global : <strong data-start=\"1678\" data-end=\"1687\">1\u20132 %<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1689\" data-end=\"1696\">Ainsi :<\/h3>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"1698\" data-end=\"1803\">\n<thead data-start=\"1698\" data-end=\"1731\">\n<tr data-start=\"1698\" data-end=\"1731\">\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"1698\" data-end=\"1714\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u00e9nergie flash<\/th>\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"1714\" data-end=\"1731\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u00e9nergie laser<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"1742\" data-end=\"1803\">\n<tr data-start=\"1742\" data-end=\"1756\">\n<td data-start=\"1742\" data-end=\"1747\" data-col-size=\"sm\">4 kJ<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1747\" data-end=\"1756\" data-col-size=\"sm\">~20 J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1757\" data-end=\"1771\">\n<td data-start=\"1757\" data-end=\"1762\" data-col-size=\"sm\">6 kJ<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"1762\" data-end=\"1771\">~50 J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1786\">\n<td data-start=\"1772\" data-end=\"1777\" data-col-size=\"sm\">8 kJ<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1777\" data-end=\"1786\" data-col-size=\"sm\">~90 J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1787\" data-end=\"1803\">\n<td data-start=\"1787\" data-end=\"1793\" data-col-size=\"sm\">10 kJ<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1793\" data-end=\"1803\" data-col-size=\"sm\">~120 J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1808\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"dd0myo\" data-start=\"1810\" data-end=\"1842\">5. Limite thermique du barreau<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1844\" data-end=\"1915\">La limite physique principale du barreau est la <strong data-start=\"1892\" data-end=\"1914\">fracture thermique<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1917\" data-end=\"1989\">Elle provient du gradient de temp\u00e9rature cr\u00e9\u00e9 pendant l\u2019impulsion flash.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"1991\" data-end=\"2023\">Pour un barreau de ce diam\u00e8tre :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2025\" data-end=\"2136\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1h36yy4\" data-start=\"2025\" data-end=\"2086\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2027\" data-end=\"2086\">\u00e9nergie absorb\u00e9e maximale dans le verre : environ <strong data-start=\"2077\" data-end=\"2086\">400 J<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"620j3d\" data-start=\"2087\" data-end=\"2136\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2089\" data-end=\"2136\">\u00e9nergie de pompe correspondante : <strong data-start=\"2123\" data-end=\"2136\">7 \u00e0 10 kJ<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"2138\" data-end=\"2196\">Au-del\u00e0 de cette valeur, des fractures peuvent appara\u00eetre.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"2198\" data-end=\"2201\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"aujnes\" data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2234\">6. Mode relax\u00e9 (free running)<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"2236\" data-end=\"2290\">Sans Q-switch, le laser fonctionne en <strong data-start=\"2274\" data-end=\"2289\">mode relax\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"2292\" data-end=\"2319\">Caract\u00e9ristiques typiques :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2444\">\n<li data-section-id=\"8hm7gu\" data-start=\"2321\" data-end=\"2357\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2323\" data-end=\"2357\">dur\u00e9e impulsion : <strong data-start=\"2341\" data-end=\"2357\">150 \u00e0 250 \u00b5s<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"f7q0pf\" data-start=\"2358\" data-end=\"2406\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2360\" data-end=\"2406\">puissance cr\u00eate : <strong data-start=\"2378\" data-end=\"2406\">quelques centaines de kW<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"zf5iqi\" data-start=\"2407\" data-end=\"2444\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2409\" data-end=\"2444\">\u00e9nergie totale : <strong data-start=\"2426\" data-end=\"2444\">jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ~100 J<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"2446\" data-end=\"2524\">Le signal est constitu\u00e9 d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de <strong data-start=\"2485\" data-end=\"2523\">spikes d\u2019oscillation de relaxation<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"2526\" data-end=\"2551\">On observe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2553\" data-end=\"2608\">\n<li data-section-id=\"3rr5l3\" data-start=\"2553\" data-end=\"2571\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2555\" data-end=\"2571\"><strong data-start=\"2555\" data-end=\"2571\">20 \u00e0 40 pics<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wn9p16\" data-start=\"2572\" data-end=\"2608\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2574\" data-end=\"2608\">espac\u00e9s de quelques microsecondes.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"2610\" data-end=\"2613\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1b4i7hn\" data-start=\"2615\" data-end=\"2647\">7. Accumulation de l\u2019inversion<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"2649\" data-end=\"2682\">Lors du pompage par lampe flash :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2684\" data-end=\"2808\">\n<li data-section-id=\"e3fzk2\" data-start=\"2684\" data-end=\"2740\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2686\" data-end=\"2740\">la population excit\u00e9e du Nd\u00b3\u207a augmente progressivement<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"r2eadi\" data-start=\"2741\" data-end=\"2808\">\n<h3 data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"2808\">la dur\u00e9e caract\u00e9ristique du niveau laser est d\u2019environ <strong data-start=\"2798\" data-end=\"2808\">230 \u00b5s<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"2810\" data-end=\"2896\">Avec une impulsion flash de <strong data-start=\"2838\" data-end=\"2854\">300 \u00e0 500 \u00b5s<\/strong>, l\u2019inversion maximale est atteinte vers :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"2898\" data-end=\"2941\"><strong data-start=\"2898\" data-end=\"2940\">200 \u00e0 300 \u00b5s apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du pompage<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"2943\" data-end=\"2993\">C\u2019est le moment id\u00e9al pour d\u00e9clencher un Q-switch.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"2995\" data-end=\"2998\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"eg7dgv\" data-start=\"3000\" data-end=\"3030\">8. Q-switch \u00e0 miroir rotatif<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3032\" data-end=\"3107\">Dans ton syst\u00e8me, la commutation Q est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e avec un <strong data-start=\"3088\" data-end=\"3106\">miroir rotatif<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3109\" data-end=\"3119\">Principe :<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"3121\" data-end=\"3304\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1vc5nja\" data-start=\"3121\" data-end=\"3167\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3124\" data-end=\"3167\">la cavit\u00e9 est d\u00e9salign\u00e9e pendant le pompage<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19k0659\" data-start=\"3168\" data-end=\"3209\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3171\" data-end=\"3209\">l\u2019inversion s\u2019accumule dans le barreau<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"54xcn0\" data-start=\"3210\" data-end=\"3269\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3213\" data-end=\"3269\">le miroir passe bri\u00e8vement dans la position d\u2019alignement<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hsiopc\" data-start=\"3270\" data-end=\"3304\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3273\" data-end=\"3304\">une impulsion g\u00e9ante est \u00e9mise.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr data-start=\"3306\" data-end=\"3309\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"16bcu8r\" data-start=\"3311\" data-end=\"3333\">vitesse de rotation<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3335\" data-end=\"3410\">Pour produire une impulsion courte, il faut une vitesse de rotation \u00e9lev\u00e9e.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3412\" data-end=\"3432\">Ordres de grandeur :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"3434\" data-end=\"3459\">\n<li data-section-id=\"z10llx\" data-start=\"3434\" data-end=\"3459\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3436\" data-end=\"3459\"><strong data-start=\"3436\" data-end=\"3459\">10 000 \u00e0 30 000 rpm<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"3461\" data-end=\"3530\">La fen\u00eatre pendant laquelle la cavit\u00e9 est align\u00e9e est de l\u2019ordre de :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"3532\" data-end=\"3549\">\n<li data-section-id=\"qnhqw6\" data-start=\"3532\" data-end=\"3549\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3534\" data-end=\"3549\"><strong data-start=\"3534\" data-end=\"3549\">20 \u00e0 100 ns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"3551\" data-end=\"3554\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1xnxkia\" data-start=\"3556\" data-end=\"3590\">9. Dur\u00e9e de l\u2019impulsion Q-switch<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3592\" data-end=\"3667\">La dur\u00e9e de l\u2019impulsion d\u00e9pend principalement de la <strong data-start=\"3644\" data-end=\"3666\">longueur de cavit\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3669\" data-end=\"3743\">Pour une cavit\u00e9 d\u2019environ <strong data-start=\"3695\" data-end=\"3706\">1 m\u00e8tre<\/strong>, la dur\u00e9e obtenue est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3745\" data-end=\"3759\"><strong data-start=\"3745\" data-end=\"3759\">10 \u00e0 15 ns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"3761\" data-end=\"3764\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"jc5m78\" data-start=\"3766\" data-end=\"3795\">10. Puissance cr\u00eate obtenue<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3797\" data-end=\"3803\">Avec :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3846\">\n<li data-section-id=\"13ob0bk\" data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3826\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3807\" data-end=\"3826\">\u00e9nergie \u2248 <strong data-start=\"3817\" data-end=\"3826\">100 J<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pqup6b\" data-start=\"3827\" data-end=\"3846\">\n<h3 data-start=\"3829\" data-end=\"3846\">dur\u00e9e \u2248 <strong data-start=\"3837\" data-end=\"3846\">10 ns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"3848\" data-end=\"3884\">la puissance cr\u00eate atteint environ :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3886\" data-end=\"3902\"><strong data-start=\"3886\" data-end=\"3902\">10 gigawatts<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"3904\" data-end=\"3971\">C\u2019est une puissance typique des oscillateurs Nd:glass \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"3973\" data-end=\"3976\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"q0622o\" data-start=\"3978\" data-end=\"4013\">11. Multiples impulsions Q-switch<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4015\" data-end=\"4084\">Avec un miroir rotatif, la cavit\u00e9 peut rester align\u00e9e trop longtemps.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4086\" data-end=\"4141\">Il arrive donc que plusieurs impulsions soient \u00e9mises :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"4143\" data-end=\"4211\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1jv23dk\" data-start=\"4143\" data-end=\"4167\">\n<h3 data-start=\"4145\" data-end=\"4167\">1 impulsion principale<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"10b54d6\" data-start=\"4168\" data-end=\"4211\">\n<h3 data-start=\"4170\" data-end=\"4211\">parfois <strong data-start=\"4178\" data-end=\"4211\">2 ou 3 impulsions secondaires<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"4213\" data-end=\"4247\">s\u00e9par\u00e9es de quelques nanosecondes.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4249\" data-end=\"4310\">La premi\u00e8re contient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement <strong data-start=\"4283\" data-end=\"4309\">70 \u00e0 80 % de l\u2019\u00e9nergie<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"4312\" data-end=\"4315\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"plcjjd\" data-start=\"4317\" data-end=\"4361\">12. Limite optique non lin\u00e9aire du barreau<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4363\" data-end=\"4437\">Au-del\u00e0 d\u2019une certaine intensit\u00e9, le verre subit des effets non lin\u00e9aires.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4439\" data-end=\"4457\">Le principal est :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4459\" data-end=\"4487\"><strong data-start=\"4459\" data-end=\"4487\">l\u2019auto-focalisation Kerr<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4489\" data-end=\"4515\">Cet effet peut provoquer :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"4517\" data-end=\"4566\">\n<li data-section-id=\"r77tm2\" data-start=\"4517\" data-end=\"4540\">\n<h3 data-start=\"4519\" data-end=\"4540\">filamentation interne<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"aeaeca\" data-start=\"4541\" data-end=\"4566\">\n<h3 data-start=\"4543\" data-end=\"4566\">dommages dans le verre.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"4568\" data-end=\"4647\">Pour un barreau de ce diam\u00e8tre, la limite d\u2019\u00e9nergie exploitable se situe vers :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4649\" data-end=\"4664\"><strong data-start=\"4649\" data-end=\"4664\">120 \u00e0 150 J<\/strong><\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"4666\" data-end=\"4669\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"11vwr4w\" data-start=\"4671\" data-end=\"4704\">13. Filamentation dans le verre<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4706\" data-end=\"4801\">Lorsque la puissance est tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9e, le faisceau peut se fragmenter en <strong data-start=\"4778\" data-end=\"4800\">filaments optiques<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4803\" data-end=\"4818\">Dans le verre :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"4820\" data-end=\"4876\">\n<li data-section-id=\"zouxsk\" data-start=\"4820\" data-end=\"4850\">\n<h3 data-start=\"4822\" data-end=\"4850\">diam\u00e8tre typique : <strong data-start=\"4841\" data-end=\"4850\">10 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1nlt2ff\" data-start=\"4851\" data-end=\"4876\">\n<h3 data-start=\"4853\" data-end=\"4876\">longueur : <strong data-start=\"4864\" data-end=\"4876\">1 \u00e0 5 mm<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"4878\" data-end=\"4940\">Chaque filament peut produire une <strong data-start=\"4912\" data-end=\"4939\">micro-explosion interne<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"4942\" data-end=\"4945\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"ul4u0t\" data-start=\"4947\" data-end=\"4976\">14. Micro-dommages internes<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"4978\" data-end=\"5000\">Les filaments cr\u00e9ent :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"5002\" data-end=\"5061\">\n<li data-section-id=\"2x7q1z\" data-start=\"5002\" data-end=\"5016\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5004\" data-end=\"5016\">plasma local<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wc28j2\" data-start=\"5017\" data-end=\"5031\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5019\" data-end=\"5031\">onde de choc<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ogwes7\" data-start=\"5032\" data-end=\"5061\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5034\" data-end=\"5061\">micro-bulles dans le verre.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"5063\" data-end=\"5090\">Au microscope, on observe :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"5092\" data-end=\"5142\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1lpvgnj\" data-start=\"5092\" data-end=\"5109\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5094\" data-end=\"5109\">petits crat\u00e8res<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xcfoeu\" data-start=\"5110\" data-end=\"5120\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5112\" data-end=\"5120\">fissures<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ieprr2\" data-start=\"5121\" data-end=\"5142\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5123\" data-end=\"5142\">canaux blanch\u00e2tres.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"5144\" data-end=\"5206\">Ces dommages accumul\u00e9s finissent par d\u00e9grader l\u2019amplificateur.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"5208\" data-end=\"5211\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1brp45f\" data-start=\"5213\" data-end=\"5238\">15. Filtration spatiale<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5240\" data-end=\"5332\">Pour \u00e9viter la filamentation, les grands lasers Nd:glass utilisent des <strong data-start=\"5311\" data-end=\"5331\">filtres spatiaux<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5334\" data-end=\"5344\">Principe :<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"5346\" data-end=\"5481\">\n<li data-section-id=\"odp57p\" data-start=\"5346\" data-end=\"5382\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5349\" data-end=\"5382\">une lentille focalise le faisceau<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qvnijw\" data-start=\"5383\" data-end=\"5434\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5386\" data-end=\"5434\">un petit trou (pinhole) bloque les imperfections<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"jlryou\" data-start=\"5435\" data-end=\"5481\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5438\" data-end=\"5481\">une seconde lentille recollime le faisceau.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-start=\"5483\" data-end=\"5536\">Ces filtres sont plac\u00e9s <strong data-start=\"5507\" data-end=\"5535\">entre les amplificateurs<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5538\" data-end=\"5586\">Ils am\u00e9liorent fortement la qualit\u00e9 du faisceau.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"5588\" data-end=\"5591\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"3r2z20\" data-start=\"5593\" data-end=\"5622\">16. Focalisation dans l\u2019air<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5624\" data-end=\"5710\">Avec une lentille longue focale (par exemple <strong data-start=\"5669\" data-end=\"5677\">10 m<\/strong>), un faisceau de 10 GW produit :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5712\" data-end=\"5743\"><strong data-start=\"5712\" data-end=\"5743\">filamentation atmosph\u00e9rique<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5745\" data-end=\"5763\">Le faisceau cr\u00e9e :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"5765\" data-end=\"5813\">\n<li data-section-id=\"h9n61m\" data-start=\"5765\" data-end=\"5787\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5767\" data-end=\"5787\">une cha\u00eene de plasma<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"whmb44\" data-start=\"5788\" data-end=\"5813\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5790\" data-end=\"5813\">longue de <strong data-start=\"5800\" data-end=\"5812\">5 \u00e0 10 m<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"5815\" data-end=\"5818\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1b0zu9c\" data-start=\"5820\" data-end=\"5842\">17. Perles de plasma<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5844\" data-end=\"5915\">La cha\u00eene de plasma appara\u00eet sous forme de <strong data-start=\"5887\" data-end=\"5914\">points lumineux espac\u00e9s<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"5917\" data-end=\"5956\">Ces points correspondent \u00e0 des cycles :<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"5958\" data-end=\"6054\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1vqu60m\" data-start=\"5958\" data-end=\"5983\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5961\" data-end=\"5983\">auto-focalisation Kerr<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"3lnwjc\" data-start=\"5984\" data-end=\"6006\">\n<h3 data-start=\"5987\" data-end=\"6006\">ionisation de l\u2019air<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1yvznas\" data-start=\"6007\" data-end=\"6035\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6010\" data-end=\"6035\">d\u00e9focalisation par plasma<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wlx24m\" data-start=\"6036\" data-end=\"6054\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6039\" data-end=\"6054\">refocalisation.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 data-start=\"6056\" data-end=\"6082\">L\u2019espacement typique est :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6084\" data-end=\"6098\"><strong data-start=\"6084\" data-end=\"6097\">8 \u00e0 15 cm<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"6100\" data-end=\"6103\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1aez3by\" data-start=\"6105\" data-end=\"6135\">18. Filaments atmosph\u00e9riques<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6137\" data-end=\"6205\">Le faisceau se divise souvent en <strong data-start=\"6170\" data-end=\"6204\">plusieurs filaments parall\u00e8les<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6207\" data-end=\"6272\">Pour une puissance d\u2019environ <strong data-start=\"6236\" data-end=\"6245\">10 GW<\/strong>, on observe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6274\" data-end=\"6293\"><strong data-start=\"6274\" data-end=\"6293\">3 \u00e0 6 filaments<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6295\" data-end=\"6312\">Chaque filament :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6314\" data-end=\"6370\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1xp3y2r\" data-start=\"6314\" data-end=\"6337\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6316\" data-end=\"6337\">diam\u00e8tre \u2248 <strong data-start=\"6327\" data-end=\"6337\">100 \u00b5m<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"sgbstu\" data-start=\"6338\" data-end=\"6370\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6340\" data-end=\"6370\">intensit\u00e9 \u2248 <strong data-start=\"6352\" data-end=\"6370\">5 \u00d7 10\u00b9\u00b3 W\/cm\u00b2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"6372\" data-end=\"6375\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"kdvtid\" data-start=\"6377\" data-end=\"6419\">19. Focalisation forte (lentille 100 mm)<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6421\" data-end=\"6491\">Avec une lentille courte focale (100 mm), la situation est diff\u00e9rente.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6493\" data-end=\"6541\">Au lieu d\u2019une filamentation longue, on obtient :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6543\" data-end=\"6579\"><strong data-start=\"6543\" data-end=\"6578\">claquage optique local de l\u2019air<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"6581\" data-end=\"6584\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ih9t6g\" data-start=\"6586\" data-end=\"6601\">plasma form\u00e9<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6603\" data-end=\"6618\">Le laser cr\u00e9e :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6620\" data-end=\"6691\">\n<li data-section-id=\"gcuuna\" data-start=\"6620\" data-end=\"6654\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6622\" data-end=\"6654\">une boule plasma de <strong data-start=\"6642\" data-end=\"6654\">1 \u00e0 3 mm<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kbkj56\" data-start=\"6655\" data-end=\"6691\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6657\" data-end=\"6691\">temp\u00e9rature <strong data-start=\"6669\" data-end=\"6690\">15 000 \u00e0 30 000 K<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"6693\" data-end=\"6696\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1eygjs3\" data-start=\"6698\" data-end=\"6713\">onde de choc<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6715\" data-end=\"6763\">L\u2019expansion du plasma produit une onde de choc :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6765\" data-end=\"6839\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1fyez3f\" data-start=\"6765\" data-end=\"6802\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6767\" data-end=\"6802\">pression initiale : <strong data-start=\"6787\" data-end=\"6802\">0,5 \u00e0 2 GPa<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sufvwx\" data-start=\"6803\" data-end=\"6839\">\n<h3 data-start=\"6805\" data-end=\"6839\">vitesse initiale : <strong data-start=\"6824\" data-end=\"6838\">2 \u00e0 5 km\/s<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"6841\" data-end=\"6886\">Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne produit un <strong data-start=\"6865\" data-end=\"6877\">bang sec<\/strong> audible.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"6888\" data-end=\"6891\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"19odjfe\" data-start=\"6893\" data-end=\"6928\">20. Intensit\u00e9 maximale dans l\u2019air<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"6930\" data-end=\"7071\">M\u00eame si la focalisation g\u00e9om\u00e9trique pourrait produire une intensit\u00e9 \u00e9norme, la filamentation limite l\u2019intensit\u00e9 r\u00e9elle \u00e0 une valeur appel\u00e9e :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7073\" data-end=\"7098\"><strong data-start=\"7073\" data-end=\"7098\">intensit\u00e9 de clamping<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7100\" data-end=\"7122\">Elle est typiquement :<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7124\" data-end=\"7144\"><strong data-start=\"7124\" data-end=\"7144\">\u2248 5 \u00d7 10\u00b9\u00b3 W\/cm\u00b2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7146\" data-end=\"7197\">Cette valeur est remarquablement stable dans l\u2019air.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"7199\" data-end=\"7202\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1eecz9e\" data-start=\"7204\" data-end=\"7245\">21. Transmission dans une fibre optique<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7247\" data-end=\"7333\">Une impulsion de <strong data-start=\"7264\" data-end=\"7273\">10 GW<\/strong> ne peut pas \u00eatre inject\u00e9e dans une fibre optique classique.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7335\" data-end=\"7414\">Les seuils de dommage des fibres sont d\u00e9pass\u00e9s de plusieurs ordres de grandeur.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7416\" data-end=\"7430\">Cons\u00e9quences :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"7432\" data-end=\"7534\">\n<li data-section-id=\"mie21s\" data-start=\"7432\" data-end=\"7453\">\n<h3 data-start=\"7434\" data-end=\"7453\">ionisation du verre<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ltmhbb\" data-start=\"7454\" data-end=\"7477\">\n<h3 data-start=\"7456\" data-end=\"7477\">formation d\u2019un plasma<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ttryp1\" data-start=\"7478\" data-end=\"7509\">\n<h3 data-start=\"7480\" data-end=\"7509\">micro-explosion dans la fibre<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ahmeth\" data-start=\"7510\" data-end=\"7534\">\n<h3 data-start=\"7512\" data-end=\"7534\">destruction imm\u00e9diate.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"7536\" data-end=\"7539\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1ex5xkb\" data-start=\"7541\" data-end=\"7560\">22. Fibres Kagome<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7562\" data-end=\"7646\">Les fibres Kagome sont des fibres <strong data-start=\"7596\" data-end=\"7612\">\u00e0 c\u0153ur creux<\/strong> o\u00f9 la lumi\u00e8re circule dans l\u2019air.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7648\" data-end=\"7758\">Elles peuvent transporter des <strong data-start=\"7678\" data-end=\"7711\">puissances cr\u00eate tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9es<\/strong>, parfois dans le domaine t\u00e9rawatt ou p\u00e9tawatt.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7760\" data-end=\"7771\">Cependant :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"7773\" data-end=\"7836\">\n<li data-section-id=\"nakam1\" data-start=\"7773\" data-end=\"7809\">\n<h3 data-start=\"7775\" data-end=\"7809\">l\u2019\u00e9nergie transport\u00e9e reste faible<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1pfjd89\" data-start=\"7810\" data-end=\"7836\">\n<h3 data-start=\"7812\" data-end=\"7836\">typiquement <strong data-start=\"7824\" data-end=\"7835\">\u00b5J \u00e0 mJ<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"7838\" data-end=\"7905\">Elles ne peuvent pas transporter <strong data-start=\"7871\" data-end=\"7880\">100 J<\/strong> comme un laser Nd:glass.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"7907\" data-end=\"7910\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"knx7tx\" data-start=\"7912\" data-end=\"7951\">23. Comparaison avec les lasers SHIVA<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"7953\" data-end=\"8034\">Le laser SHIVA (LLNL) utilisait des cha\u00eenes d\u2019amplificateurs Nd:glass similaires.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"8036\" data-end=\"8063\">Caract\u00e9ristiques typiques :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8065\" data-end=\"8185\">\n<li data-section-id=\"f9i0hu\" data-start=\"8065\" data-end=\"8099\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8067\" data-end=\"8099\">nombreux amplificateurs en s\u00e9rie<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1vtrdhp\" data-start=\"8100\" data-end=\"8131\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8102\" data-end=\"8131\">filtres spatiaux entre \u00e9tages<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1980wcs\" data-start=\"8132\" data-end=\"8155\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8134\" data-end=\"8155\">faisceaux tr\u00e8s larges<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ox2pmb\" data-start=\"8156\" data-end=\"8185\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8158\" data-end=\"8185\">\u00e9nergie finale tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9e.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8187\" data-end=\"8259\">Ces syst\u00e8mes \u00e9taient con\u00e7us pour la <strong data-start=\"8223\" data-end=\"8258\">fusion par confinement inertiel<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<hr data-start=\"8261\" data-end=\"8264\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"i2rkmp\" data-start=\"8266\" data-end=\"8307\">24. Ordres de grandeur pour ton barreau<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"8309\" data-end=\"8357\">Les performances r\u00e9alistes de ton barreau sont :<\/h3>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"8359\" data-end=\"8501\">\n<thead data-start=\"8359\" data-end=\"8381\">\n<tr data-start=\"8359\" data-end=\"8381\">\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"8359\" data-end=\"8371\" data-col-size=\"sm\">param\u00e8tre<\/th>\n<th class=\"\" data-start=\"8371\" data-end=\"8381\" data-col-size=\"sm\">valeur<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"8392\" data-end=\"8501\">\n<tr data-start=\"8392\" data-end=\"8417\">\n<td data-start=\"8392\" data-end=\"8406\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u00e9nergie flash<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8406\" data-end=\"8417\" data-col-size=\"sm\">6\u201310 kJ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8418\" data-end=\"8444\">\n<td data-start=\"8418\" data-end=\"8432\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u00e9nergie laser<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8432\" data-end=\"8444\" data-col-size=\"sm\">80\u2013120 J<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8445\" data-end=\"8473\">\n<td data-start=\"8445\" data-end=\"8461\" data-col-size=\"sm\">dur\u00e9e impulsion<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8461\" data-end=\"8473\" data-col-size=\"sm\">10\u201315 ns<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8474\" data-end=\"8501\">\n<td data-start=\"8474\" data-end=\"8490\" data-col-size=\"sm\">puissance cr\u00eate<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"8490\" data-end=\"8501\">8\u201312 GW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"8503\" data-end=\"8506\" \/>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"18z8pa7\" data-start=\"8508\" data-end=\"8533\">25. Conclusion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"8535\" data-end=\"8690\">Ton barreau Nd:glass de <strong data-start=\"8559\" data-end=\"8589\">25 mm \u00d7 490 mm dop\u00e9 2 % Nd<\/strong> correspond tr\u00e8s clairement \u00e0 la technologie des lasers \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s dans les ann\u00e9es 1970.<\/h3>\n<h3 data-start=\"8692\" data-end=\"8741\">Dans un oscillateur Q-switch correctement pomp\u00e9 :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8743\" data-end=\"8828\">\n<li data-section-id=\"jdrjbr\" data-start=\"8743\" data-end=\"8780\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8745\" data-end=\"8780\">il peut produire <strong data-start=\"8762\" data-end=\"8780\">100 J en 10 ns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5b1jtp\" data-start=\"8781\" data-end=\"8828\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8783\" data-end=\"8828\">soit une puissance cr\u00eate d\u2019environ <strong data-start=\"8818\" data-end=\"8827\">10 GW<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"8830\" data-end=\"8881\">Une telle impulsion est suffisamment intense pour :<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"8883\" data-end=\"9010\">\n<li data-section-id=\"9ab54s\" data-start=\"8883\" data-end=\"8928\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8885\" data-end=\"8928\">produire de la <strong data-start=\"8900\" data-end=\"8928\">filamentation dans l\u2019air<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1bmjpij\" data-start=\"8929\" data-end=\"8966\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8931\" data-end=\"8966\">cr\u00e9er des <strong data-start=\"8941\" data-end=\"8966\">plasma atmosph\u00e9riques<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"wn3kpx\" data-start=\"8967\" data-end=\"9010\">\n<h3 data-start=\"8969\" data-end=\"9010\">g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des <strong data-start=\"8981\" data-end=\"9009\">ondes de choc localis\u00e9es<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"9012\" data-end=\"9101\">Ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes expliquent les observations spectaculaires souvent associ\u00e9es \u00e0 ces lasers.<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-9  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-4724 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4724 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-04-221045.png\" alt='' title='Capture d&#039;\u00e9cran 2026-03-04 221045' height=\"488\" width=\"353\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-04-221045.png 353w, https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-03-04-221045-217x300.png 217w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4719,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lasers-a-solides"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4718"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4718\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4725,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4718\/revisions\/4725"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swissrocketman.fr\/Wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}